Thought for life

"The brainy head should not be predominated by dainty heart"

Monday, February 14, 2011

[George David Lundberg, M.D.]

George David Lundberg, M.D.




“I am Dr. George Lundberg, Editor in Chief of Medscape General Medicine from WebMD, and Co-Chair of the new Physicians and Lawyers for National Drug Policy.” ~ April 20, 2004, National Press Club, Washington, DC. Taken from 'George D. Lundberg Opening Remarks Physicians and Lawyers for National Drug Policy: A Public Health Approach Kick-off Event.'



The most famous and influential person to live in Silverhill, and attend Silverhill School is Dr. George David Lundberg, II. This distinguished pathologist began his career in medicine mopping floors in the City Hospital of Mobile, Alabama in 1951. Now he is known as a “pioneer” of the medical internet. Dr. Lundberg and his Silverhill family have taken part in many “firsts”. Click here to read more about his Silverhill family.

[Louise Johnson married George David Lundberg, Sr. - Click to Enlarge.] Dr. Lundberg's parents, Louise Johnson and George D. Lundberg, Sr. were married on July 25, 1920 at her family home in Silverhill. After their marriage they moved to Foley, Alabama to live for a very short time, then moved back to Silverhill to live the rest of their lives.

Their first and only child, George David Lundberg, II, was born in Pensacola, Florida at Scared Heart Hospital on March 21, 1933.

George David grew up and attended Silverhill School where his mother also taught. It was during these early years that he decided he would like to become a doctor. If he became sick with a childhood illness the family doctor, Henry C. Jordon of Robertsdale, would make a house call. Dr. Jordan was friendly, sympathetic, and easy to talk to, with a professional competence that inspired George David.

He and his family were faithful church members at the Mission Covenant Church in Silverhill. He was very active in church and youth activities. There, George David learned about mission work and the importance in helping others.

Since both of his parents taught music, George David took lessons in violin and piano. He also taught himself to play the clarinet. He enjoyed singing in the church and community choirs, sometimes performing solos.

Many summers the Lundberg family would move to Troy, Alabama where they boarded in private homes while Louise attended college classes full time. A couple of those summers, George David was enrolled into the “Training School” which was experimental educational classes for children. This boost in his schooling was one of the reasons he was able to skip three grades: fifth, eighth, and eleventh.

With all of his studies, George David enjoyed other pastimes. These included fishing in the bays and gulf, swimming, playing softball, baseball, and football.

At Robertsdale High School he proved himself to be an excellent scholar and considering the amount of time his parents required him to study and the fact he was younger than his classmates, he was also a very good athlete. His high school graduation was two months after his fifteenth birthday in 1948.

George David went on to North Park College, the Mission Covenant college in Chicago to study premed. He enjoyed the college's intramural sports and being a part of the North Park Orchestra. He was an outstanding competitor in their ping-pong competitions. He graduated in 1950 with an Associate in Arts degree in premed.

Still having a desire to be a physician, he continued his education in premedical studies at the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa. It was during his third year of premed that George David was hired by the City Hospital of Mobile to mop floors in the operating rooms between operations and clean everything up before the next patient was wheeled in. He was paid only about $100 a month which was about half of what minimum wage was at that time. After a few weeks he was promoted to orderly, working with nurses, interns, and patients.

When he had finished biochemistry studies in graduate school, he helped to set up a chemistry lab at the Druid City Hospital in Tuscaloosa and was the first chemistry technician to work in that laboratory. There he introduced the first Flame photometer in the western part of Alabama, which helped to advance the care of diabetics in coma.

Even with all of his work and studies, he still found time for intramural sports, and playing in the Alabama Million Dollar Band from 1950-1953. He finished premed, graduating in 1952 at the age of 19 with a Bachelor of Science degree. After several attempts he was admitted into what was then called the Medical College of Alabama in Birmingham in 1953.

George David Lundberg, II, and Nancy Ware Sharp were married on August 18, 1956 in Birmingham, Alabama. (They eventually had three children, George III, Charles, and Carol).

It was also in 1956 that he joined the army. During his four years in medical school he stayed at the top of his class academically, and during his last year was at the first of his class, graduating in 1957. Since he was in the army, he completed his internship at Tripler General Hospital, in Honolulu, Hawaii, 1957-1958, and his pathology residency at Brooke General Hospital, in San Antonio, Texas 1958-1962, and received his Master of Science degree in Pathology from Baylor College of Medicine, in Houston, Texas. The New England Journal of Medicine published his first scientific paper he had ever written, in 1961.

In 1963, Dr. Lundberg had his first experience with a computer, back when one computer was large enough to fill an entire room. From his book, “Severed Trust”, on page 134, he says:

I began working with computers in 1963, when I was stationed at Letterman Hospital in San Francisco as a captain in the U.S. Army and was assigned by my chief to automate the California Tumor Tissue Registry. He told me to put it on a computer, and I asked how I would do that. “Go over to that building,” he said, pointing. “They’ve got a huge machine in there called a computer. Talk to those folks, and they will tell you how to take this information off these cards and put it onto a different set of keypunched cards. You can then feed the keypunched cards into a computer, and it will print out information in an orderly, sorted-out way.”

He was successful in automating the registry. Two years later the Army sent him to the IBM education center in Poughkeepsie, New York to take a one-week course called “Computing for Physicians”. About one hundred other physicians gathered to learn how to use computers. One of their main teachers was Donald Lindberg who was also a pathologist and an expert in computer medicine. Dr. Lindberg would become Dr. Lundberg's lifelong friend, joining him years later on the editorial board at JAMA and even later at Medscape.

With the information he learned at IBM, Dr. Lundberg went to William Beaumont General Hospital in 1965 at El Paso, Texas, as chief of pathology and installed the first computer system into a U.S. military hospital clinical laboratory. In the process, he became the first military pathologist to use computers in a hospital lab. Two years later, while still at Beaumont, he installed the first electronic microscope in a U.S. military hospital lab.

After leaving the army in 1967 as a lieutenant colonel, he was Professor of Pathology and Associate Director of Laboratories at the Los Angeles County/USC Medical Center. During his ten years there, Dr. Lundberg took part in many firsts:

* Founding member of the California Association of Toxicologists;

* Originator of the Critical (Panic) Value system for reporting very abnormal clinical laboratory results in 1972 (now national policy);

* Created the concept of the Patient-Focused Laboratory, organized around Turn Around Times for lab test results;

* Founding member of the California Society for the Treatment of Alcoholism and Other Drug Dependencies in 1973 (later became the California Society of Addiction Medicine).

From 1977 to 1982, Dr. Lundberg was Professor and Chairman in the Department of Pathology at the University of California at Davis.

[George David Lundberg, M.D.] From 1982 to 1999, Dr. Lundberg was at the American Medical Association (AMA) as Editor in Chief, Scientific Information and Multimedia Group with editorial responsibility for its 39 medical journals, American Medical News, and various Internet products. Dr. Lundberg is particularly noted for his skilled editorial leadership of the prestigious Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), covering some of the most dramatic transformations in American health care. He was widely published in the scientific and lay press with frequent appearances on national television on health care issues. Over his seventeen-year period at AMA, Dr. Lundberg was a part of some more firsts:

* Founder of the AMA's quadrennial International Congress on Peer Review in Biomedical Publications in 1989;

* Founding member of the World Association of Medical Editors at Lake Como, Bellagio, Italy in 1995;

* Founding member of Physician Leadership on National Drug Policy in New York City, 1997;

* Developer at JAMA of the concept of Theme Issues on topics of great medical importance for medical journals, emphasizing such subjects as the prevention of nuclear war, tobacco addiction, alternative medicine, and computers in medicine.

Even though Dr. Lundberg had been working with some form of computers since 1963, it was not until the mid-1990s that he became involved in working with the Internet by helping to create the “medical” Internet. He has been a part of the medical Internet from its first beginnings.

In 1999, Dr. Lundberg became Editor in Chief and Executive Vice President of Medscape and the Founding Editor of Medscape General Medicine the world's first and still only, primary source, peer reviewed, fully electronic general medical journal on the internet. He also became founding Editor in Chief of CBS HealthWatch.com. In 2002, Dr. Lundberg became Editor in Chief Emeritus of Medscape and Special Healthcare Advisor to the Chairman and CEO of WebMD. A frequent lecturer, radio and television guest, and a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, Dr. Lundberg holds academic appointments as a professor at Northwestern and Harvard. In 2000, the Industry Standard dubbed Dr. Lundberg “Online Health Care's Medicine Man”.

In his book, “Severed Trust”, on page 159 he says:

I have learned that there are four reasons for wanting to become a doctor.

First, people who aspire to become doctors want to take care of sick people. They want to be of service, to help people stay well, and to help them get well if they are sick. This is a real motivation for almost everyone who applies to medical school.

Second, people who want to become doctors are good at science. They are good students who have studied mathematics, biology, and other sciences and earned good grades throughout their primary, secondary, and higher education. Otherwise, they couldn’t get into medical school.

Third, people who want to become doctors want to have a good deal of independence. They like being in charge of their own lives; they look forward to opening their own practices and making up their own minds about how best to proceed in caring for patients. They want to govern themselves, to not be intruded upon by others.…

Fourth, people who want to be doctors want to make money.… People who go into medicine often make a lot of money – certainly not as much as captains of business, finance, and industry, but well beyond the average income. Physicians usually can live in nice houses, buy good automobiles, and send their kids to good schools. They can go to the symphony when they want and rarely worry about the cost of a new camera.

During his career, Dr. Lundberg has also worked in tropical medicine in Central America and Forensic Medicine in New York, Sweden and England. He has received honorary degrees in science from the State University of New York, Syracuse; Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia; the University of Alabama at Birmingham; and the Medical College of Ohio, Toledo. His major professional interests are toxicology, violence, communication, physician behavior, and strategic management. Throughout his career Dr. Lundberg has focused on ways to make the American health care system better. His views on the issues and directions for change have been thoughtfully addressed in his book, “Severed Trust - Why American Medicine Has Not Been Fixed”, published in 2001.

Dr. Lundberg has been married to Patricia Lorimer Lundberg, Ph.D., since March 6, 1983. She is the former Patricia Ann Blacklidge, and is presently an English Professor and Dean at Indiana University Northwest.


Written September 2003 by Debbie Owen.

Wednesday, February 9, 2011

Saturday, May 22, 2010

U Thant ,third Secretary General of United Nations




(born Jan. 22, 1909, Pantanaw, Burma [now Myanmar]—died Nov. 25, 1974, New York, N.Y., U.S.) Myanmar educator, civil servant, and third secretary general of the United Nations (1962–71).

"U" is an honorific in Burmese, roughly equal to "mister." "Thant" was his only name. In Burmese he was known as Pantanaw U Thant, in reference to his home town of Pantanaw.

Neutralist by inclination and in practice, he criticized both West and East for actions and attitudes that he considered threatening to world peace.

U Thant was educated at the University of YangΓ΄n (Rangoon) later the Arts and Science University, where he met Thakin Nu (afterward U Nu, who became prime minister of Myanmar in 1948). The death of Thant's father (1928) forced him to leave the university before graduation, and he returned to his hometown as a teacher at the National High School and later (from 1931) as headmaster. In 1942 he was secretary to the educational reorganization committee of the government of Japanese-occupied Burma. From 1943 to 1947 he once more was headmaster at Pantanaw.After World War II Thant was recruited for government service by U Nu and General U Aung San, leader of the Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League. He was appointed press director (1947), director of broadcasting (1948), and secretary of the Ministry of Information (1949). In 1952–53 he was a Myanmar (Burmese) delegate to the UN, becoming his country's permanent UN representative in 1957. He was vice president of the UN General Assembly in 1959.After the death of UN Secretary General Dag HammarskjΓΆld, the United States and the Soviet Union, failing to agree on a permanent successor, accepted U Thant as a compromise candidate for the acting secretaryship, to which he was elected on Nov. 3, 1961. On Nov. 30, 1962, he was elected permanent secretary general, and he was re-elected for five years on Dec. 2, 1966; he retired at the end of 1971. A devout Buddhist, he sought to apply the principles of detachment and concentration to the solving of international problems.U Thant died in New York City of cancer, and his body was returned to YangΓ΄n for burial. There it became involved in a bizarre tug of war between university students, who seized it on Dec. 5, 1974, and buried it in a hastily built mausoleum in the grounds of the Arts and Science University, and police, who retrieved it by force on December 11, buried it privately, and sealed the tomb in concrete. Subsequent rioting led to the military regime's declaration of martial law in the city and to several deaths.Thant wrote (in Burmese) books on the history of cities, the League of Nations, and Myanmar education, as well as a three-volume history of post-World War II Myanmar (1961). A collection of his public addresses and essays from 1957 to 1963 was published as Toward World Peace (1964), and View from the UN (1978), an account of his years as secretary general, was published posthumously.

Barack Hussein Obamam,jr Biography


President of the United States. Born Barack Hussein Obama on August 4, 1961, in Honolulu, Hawaii. Obama's mother, Ann Dunham, grew up in Wichita, Kansas, where her father worked on oil rigs during the Depression. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Dunham's father, Stanley, enlisted in the service and marched across Europe in Patton's army. Dunham's mother, Madelyn, went to work on a bomber assembly line. After the war, the couple studied on the G.I. Bill, bought a house through the Federal Housing Program and, after several moves, landed in Hawaii.

Obama's father, Barack Obama, Sr., was born of Luo ethnicity in Nyanza Province, Kenya. The elder Obama grew up herding goats in Africa, eventually earning a scholarship that allowed him to leave Kenya and pursue his dreams of college in Hawaii. While studying at the University of Hawaii in Manoa, Obama, Sr. met fellow student, Ann Dunham. They married on February 2, 1961. Barack was born six months later.

Obama's parents separated when he was two years old, later divorcing. Obama, Sr. went on to Harvard to pursue Ph.D. studies, and then returned to Kenya in 1965. In 1966, Dunham married Lolo Soetoro, another East–West Center student from Indonesia. A year later, the family moved to Jakarta, Indonesia, where Obama's half-sister Maya Soetoro Ng was born. Several incidents in Indonesia left Dunham afraid for her son's safety and education so, at the age of 10, Barack was sent back to Hawaii to live with his maternal grandparents. His mother and sister later joined them.

While living with his grandparents, Obama enrolled in the esteemed Punahou Academy, excelling in basketball and graduating with academic honors in 1979. As one of only three black students at the school, Obama became conscious of racism and what it meant to be African-American. He later described how he struggled to reconcile social perceptions of his multiracial heritage with his own sense of self. "I began to notice there was nobody like me in the Sears, Roebuck Christmas catalog...and that Santa was a white man," he said. "I went to the bathroom and stood in front of the mirror with all my senses and limbs seemingly intact, looking the way I had always looked, and wondered if something was wrong with me."

Obama also struggled with the absence of his father, who he saw only once more after his parents divorced, in a brief 1971 visit. "[My father] had left paradise, and nothing that my mother or grandparents told me could obviate that single, unassailable fact," he later reflected. "They couldn't describe what it might have been like had he stayed." Obama, Sr. eventually lost his legs in an automobile accident, also losing his job as a result. In 1982, he died in yet another car accident while traveling in Nairobi. Obama, Jr. was 22 years old when he received the news of his father's passing. "At the time of his death, my father remained a myth to me," Obama said, "both more and less than a man."

After high school, Obama studied at Occidental College in Los Angeles for two years. He then transferred to Columbia University in New York, graduating in 1983 with a degree in political science. After working in the business sector for two years, Obama moved to Chicago in 1985. There, he worked on the South Side as a community organizer for low-income residents in the Roseland and the Altgeld Gardens communities.

It was during this time that Obama, who said he "was not raised in a religious household," joined the Trinity United Church of Christ. He also visited relatives in Kenya, which included an emotional visit to the graves of his biological father and paternal grandfather. "For a long time I sat between the two graves and wept," Obama said. "I saw that my life in America—the black life, the white life, the sense of abandonment I felt as a boy, the frustration and hope I'd witnessed in Chicago—all of it was connected with this small plot of earth an ocean away."

Obama returned from Kenya with a sense of renewal, entering Harvard Law School in 1988. The next year, he met Michelle Robinson, an associate at Sidley & Austin law firm in Chicago. She was assigned to be Obama's adviser during a summer internship at the firm, and soon the couple began dating. In February 1990, Obama was elected the first African-American editor of the Harvard Law Review, and he graduated magna cum laude in 1991.

After law school, Obama returned to Chicago to practice as a civil rights lawyer, joining the firm of Miner, Barnhill & Galland. He also taught at the University of Chicago Law School, and helped organize voter registration drives during Bill Clinton's 1992 presidential campaign. On October 3, 1992, he and Michelle were married. They moved to Kenwood, on Chicago's South Side, and welcomed two daughters: Malia (born 1998) and Sasha (born 2001).

Obama published his autobiography in 1995 Dreams From My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance. The work received high praise from literary figures such as Toni Morrison and has since been printed in 10 languages, including Chinese, Swedish and Hebrew. The book had a second printing in 2004, and is currently being adapted into a children's version. The 2006 audiobook version of Dreams, which was narrated by Obama, received a Grammy award for Best Spoken Word Album.

Obama's advocacy work led him to run for the Illinois State Senate as a Democrat. He won election in 1996. During these years, Obama worked with both Democrats and Republicans in drafting legislation on ethics, expanded health care services, and early childhood education programs for the poor. He also created a state earned-income tax credit for the working poor. Obama became chairman of the Illinois Senate's Health and Human Services Committee as well, and after a number of inmates on death row were found innocent, he worked with law enforcement officials to require the videotaping of interrogations and confessions in all capital cases.

In 2000, Obama made an unsuccessful Democratic primary run for the U. S. House of Representatives seat held by four-term incumbent candidate Bobby Rush. Undeterred, Obama created a campaign committee in 2002, and began raising funds to run in the 2004 U.S. Senate Race. With the help of political consultant David Axelrod, Obama began assessing his prospects of a Senate win.

Following the 9/11 attacks in 2001, Obama was an early opponent of President George W. Bush's push to war with Iraq. Obama was still a state senator when he spoke against a resolution authorizing the use of force against Iraq during a rally at Chicago's Federal Plaza in October 2002. "I am not opposed to all wars. I'm opposed to dumb wars," he said. "What I am opposed to is the cynical attempt by Richard Perle and Paul Wolfowitz and other arm-chair, weekend warriors in this Administration to shove their own ideological agendas down our throats, irrespective of the costs in lives lost and in hardships borne." Despite his protests, the war with Iraq began in 2003.

Obama, encouraged by poll numbers, decided to run for the U.S. Senate open seat vacated by Republican Peter Fitzgerald. In the 2004 Democratic primary, he won 52 percent of the vote, defeating multimillionaire businessman Blair Hull and Illinois Comptroller Daniel Hynes. That summer, he was invited to deliver the keynote speech in support of John Kerry at the 2004 Democratic National Convention in Boston. Obama emphasized the importance of unity, and made veiled jabs at the Bush administration and the diversionary use of wedge issues.

After the convention, Obama returned to his U.S. Senate bid in Illinois. His opponent in the general election was supposed to be Republican primary winner Jack Ryan, a wealthy former investment banker. However, Ryan withdrew from the race in June 2004, following public disclosure of unsubstantiated sexual deviancy allegations by Ryan's ex-wife, actress Jeri Ryan.

In August 2004, diplomat and former presidential candidate Alan Keyes accepted the Republican nomination to replace Ryan. In three televised debates, Obama and Keyes expressed opposing views on stem cell research, abortion, gun control, school vouchers and tax cuts. In the November 2004 general election, Obama received 70 percent of the vote to Keyes' 27 percent, the largest electoral victory in Illinois history. With his win, Barack Obama became only the third African-American elected to the U.S. Senate since the Reconstruction.

Sworn into office January 4, 2005, Obama partnered with Republican Senator Richard Lugar of Indiana on a bill that expanded efforts to destroy weapons of mass destruction in Eastern Europe and Russia. Then, with Republican Senator Tom Corburn of Oklahoma, he created a website that tracks all federal spending. Obama also spoke out for victims of Hurricane Katrina; pushed for alternative energy development; and championed improved veterans' benefits.

His second book, The Audacity of Hope: Thoughts on Reclaiming the American Dream, was published in October 2006. The work discussed Obama's visions for the future of America, many of which became talking points for his eventual presidential campaign. Shortly after its release, it hit No. 1 on both the New York Times and Amazon.com bestsellers lists.

In February 2007, Obama made headlines when he announced his candidacy for the 2008 Democratic presidential nomination. He was locked in a tight battle with former first lady and then-U.S. Senator from New York, Hillary Rodham Clinton. On June 3, 2008, however, Obama became the presumptive nominee for the Democratic party, and Senator Clinton delivered her full support to Obama for the duration of his campaign. On November 4th, 2008, Barack Obama defeated Republican presidential nominee John McCain for the position of U.S. President, 52.9 percent to 45.7 percent. On January 20, 2009, Obama became the 44th president of the United States—and the first African-American to hold this office.

When Obama took office, he inherited a global economic recession; two on-going foreign wars; and the lowest international favorability rating for the United States ever. He campaigned on an ambitious agenda of financial reform, alternative energy, and reinventing education and health care—all while bringing down the national debt. Because these issues were intertwined with the economic well-being of the nation, he believed all would have to be undertaken simultaneously. During his inauguration speech, Obama summarized the situation by saying, "Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. They are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America: They will be met."

Between Inauguration Day and April 29, the Obama administration took to the field on many fronts. Obama coaxed Congress to expand health care insurance for children and provide legal protection for women seeking equal pay. A $787 billion stimulus bill was passed to promote short-term economic growth. Housing and credit markets were put on life-support, with a market-based plan to buy U.S. banks' toxic assets. Loans were made to the auto industry, and new regulations were proposed for Wall Street. He also cut taxes for working families, small businesses and first-time home buyers. The president also loosened the ban on embryonic stem cell research and moved ahead with a $3.5 trillion budget plan.

During his first 100 days, President Obama also undertook a complete overhaul of America's foreign policy. He reached out to improve relations with Europe, China, Russia and open dialogue with Iran, Venezuela, and Cuba. He lobbied allies to support a global economic stimulus package. He committed an additional 21,000 troops to Afghanistan and set an August 2010 date for withdrawal of U.S. troops from Iraq. In more dramatic incidents, he took on pirates off the coast of Somalia and prepared the nation for an attack of the Swine Flu. For his efforts, he was awarded the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize by the Norwegian Nobel Committee.

Tuesday, January 26, 2010

ေပ်ာ့α€Šံ့α€žူα€›ဲα‚•α€œα€™္းα€€ိုα€žာ ပိတ္ဆို႔တဲ့ ဆင္းα€›ဲα€’ုကၑ

"ေα€™ြးα€–ြားα€›ာ ပတ္ဝန္းα€€်င္၊ ေα€”α€›ာေα€’α€žα€€ ထရာα€›ာα€€ို ဆံုးျဖတ္ႏိုင္ခြင့္α€™α€›ွိα€˜ူး။ α€˜α€š္α€œိုပတ္ဝန္းα€€်င္α€™ွာပဲ ေα€™ြးα€–ြားခဲ့ပါေα€…... ဆင္းα€›ဲα€’ုကၑကို ေα€€်ာ္α€œႊားႏိုင္α€™ွ α‚€α€€ီးျမတ္တဲ့ ေထာင္ျမင္α€™ႈα€€ိုα€›α€™ွာျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။ α€žူေα€Œးα€žားα€žα€™ီးတိုင္း α€€ံေα€€ာင္းα€α€š္α€œိုα‚” မထင္ၾကနဲα‚”။ တစ္ခ်ဳိα‚•α€žူေα€Œးα€žားေတြα€€ ေငြေၾကးα€›ဲα‚• ေα€€်းα€€ြၽန္ျα€–α€…္αΎα€€α€›α€α€š္။ α€₯α€…α₯ာပစα₯α€Š္းေတြα€›ဲα‚• ျα€–ားေα€šာင္းα€™ႈα€€ို α€žူတို႔မတြα€”္းα€œွα€”္ႏိုင္ခဲ့α€œိုα‚” α€’ုကၑတြင္းα€”α€€္ထဲ α€€်ခဲ့αΎα€€α€α€š္။ α€…α€Š္းα€…ိα€™္ခ်α€™္းα€žာα€™ႈα€”ဲα‚” ေပ်ာ္ပါးα‚€α€€ီးျပင္းα€œာတဲ့ α€€ေα€œးေတြα€€ ဆင္းα€›ဲတြင္းα€€ α‚€α€€ီးျပင္းα€›ုα€”္းα€‘α€œာၾကတဲ့ α€€ေα€œးေတြα€›ဲα‚• ၿပိဳင္α€–α€€္α€™ျα€–α€…္ႏိုင္ခဲ့α€˜ူး။ ဆင္းα€›ဲα€žားα€€ေα€œးေတြ ထထူးα€žျဖင့္ ဆင္းα€›ဲα€œြα€”္းα€œိုα‚” ေα€€်ာင္းေα€”α€–ို႔ထခြင့္ထေα€›းေတာင္ α€™α€›ွိၾကတဲ့α€€ေα€œးေတြα€€ ထရြα€š္ေα€›ာα€€္ၿပီးေα€”ာα€€္ ေထာင္ျမင္တဲ့α€œုပ္ငန္းα€›ွင္ေတြ ျα€–α€…္α€œာα€α€š္။ ....... ဆင္းα€›ဲတဲ့ α€™ိα€žားα€…ုα€€ ေပါα€€္α€–ြားα€œာတဲ့ α€œူα€„α€š္တစ္α€₯ီးα€™ွာ ခ်α€™္းα€žာၾကြα€š္ဝတဲ့ ထေα€™ြα€€ို ဆက္ခံႏိုင္α€…ြα€™္းα€›ွိα€α€š္"

ထေα€™α€›ိα€€α€”္α€€ α€”ာα€™α€Š္α€›ွိα€žူတိုα‚”α€›ဲα‚• α‚€α€€ိဳးα€…ားα€›ုα€”္းα€€α€”္တဲ့α€žα€™ိုင္းα€€ို ျပန္α€œွα€”္αΎα€€α€Š့္ရင္ ေထာင္ျမင္α€žူထမ်ားα€…ုα€€ ဆင္းα€›ဲα€žားα€™ိα€žားα€…ု α€€ေα€œးေတြျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။

Andrew Carnegie α€€ ဆင္းα€›ဲα€žားα€™ိα€žားα€…ုα€€ ေပါα€€္α€–ြားခဲ့ၿပီး ဖခင္ျα€–α€…္α€žူα€™ွာ α€‘α€‘α€Š္ခ်ဳပ္α€…α€€္α€›ံုα€€ျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။ Carnegie α€œုပ္ငန္းစဝင္α€… α€‘α€œုပ္α€€ α€˜ိြဳင္α€œာထိုးα€œုပ္α€žားျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။

Fordα€€ α€œα€š္α€žα€™ားα€™ိα€žားα€…ုα€€ ေပါα€€္α€–ြားခဲ့α€žူျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။ ဖခင္α€€ Fordα€€ို α€œα€š္α€žα€™ားတစ္α€₯ီးျα€–α€…္α€–ိုα‚” ေα€™ွ်ာ္α€œα€„့္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ တစ္ျပားတစ္ခ်ပ္α€™ွမပါα€˜ဲ ၿမိဳα‚•ေα€•αšα€α€€္ α€žူα€‘α€œုပ္α€›ွာခဲ့α€α€š္။

HP (Hewlett-Packard Company) α€€ုမၸဏီα€€ို William Hewlett α€”ဲα‚” David Packard တိုα‚”α€α€Š္ေထာင္α€…α€€ α€žူတိုα‚”α€›ဲ႕ရင္းႏွီးျα€™ႇဳပ္ႏွံေငြα€€ α…αƒαˆ ေα€’αšα€œာျα€–α€…္ၿပီး α€€ုမၸဏီα€α€Š္ေα€”α€›ာα€€ α€žူတိုα‚”α€›ဲα‚•α€€ားဂိုေα€’ါင္α€™ွာျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။

α€‘α€žα€€္ေα€™ြးဝမ္းေα€€်ာင္းထဲα€™ွာ α€žα€α€„္းα€…ာေα€›ာင္းတဲ့α€‘α€œုပ္α€€ α€…ားα€žာတဲ့α€‘α€œုပ္ α€™α€Ÿုတ္ခဲ့α€˜ူး။ α€’ီα€‘α€œုပ္α€€ို α€œူတစ္ခ်ဳိα‚•α€€ α€…ားဝတ္ေα€”ေα€›း α€–ူα€œံုα€–ိုα‚” ေα€™ွ်ာ္α€€ိုးခဲ့α€α€š္။ ထေα€™α€›ိα€€α€”္α€€ α€œူထမ်ားေα€œးα€…ားတဲ့ Edisonα€€α€œα€Š္း α€„α€š္α€…α€₯္α€€α€α€Š္းα€€ α€žα€α€„္းα€…ာေα€›ာင္းα€žူျα€–α€…္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ (၁ဝ)ႏွα€…္ ထရြα€š္α€α€Š္းα€€ Edisonα€Ÿာ ဓာတုα€…α€™္းα€žα€•္α€™ႈေတြ ျပဳα€œုပ္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ တစ္ခါကရထားေα€•αšα€™ွာ α€žα€α€„္းα€…ာေα€›ာင္းရင္း α€…α€™္းα€žα€•္α€™ႈတစ္ခုα€€ို α€žူα€œုပ္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ ထရွိα€”္α€”ဲ႔ရထားေα€€ြ႔ခ်ိα€”္α€™ွာ α€žူα€…α€™္းα€žα€•္ေနတဲ့ ထက္α€…α€…္ေတြα€–ိတ္α€€် α€œႊင့္စင္ၿပီး ထနံ႔ဆိုးေတြထြα€€္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€œူေတြα€›ဲα‚• ျပစ္တင္ဆဲဆုိတာα€€ို ခံရတဲ့ထျပင္ ရထားတဲြေခါင္းေဆာင္α€›ဲα‚• α€œα€€္ဖဝါးဒဏ္α€”ဲ႔ထတူ ရထားေα€•αšα€€ α€žူေα€™ာင္းခ်ခံခဲ့α€›α€α€š္။

α€€ြၽန္ေα€›ာင္းα€α€š္ေα€›းα€…α€”α€…္α€€ို ေခ်α€–်α€€္ခဲ့တဲ့ ထေα€™α€›ိα€€α€”္ (၁၆)α€₯ီးေျα€™ာα€€္ α€žα€™αΌα€α€œα€„္α€€ြα€”္းα€Ÿာ α€„α€š္α€…α€₯္α€α€Š္းα€€ α€™ီးα€œα€„္းα€–ိုα€›ဲα‚•α€‘α€œα€„္းα€”ဲα‚” α€…ာေတြα€€်α€€္α€™ွတ္ခဲ့α€›α€α€š္။ α€…ာထုပ္ေတြα€α€š္α€šူα€–ို႔ထတြα€€္ α€€ီα€œိုα€™ီတာ(၇ဝ)α€”ီးပါး α€žူα€œα€™္းေα€œွ်ာα€€္ခဲ့α€›α€α€š္။ α€˜ာထေα€™ြα€…ားထေα€™ြခံα€™ွ α€žူမရခဲ့α€žα€œို α€˜α€š္α€œိုα€€ံေα€€ာင္းα€™ႈα€™်ဳိးα€”ဲα‚”α€™ွ α€žူα€™α‚€α€€ံဳခဲ့α€–ူးပါα€˜ူး။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ α€žူေထာင္ျမင္ခဲ့α€α€š္၊ ေα€›ွ႕ဆက္တဲ့α€žူα‚”α€œα€™္းေတြ ထြα€”္းေတာα€€္ခဲ့ရတာα€€ α€žူα€›ဲ႕မဆုတ္α€™α€”α€…္ α‚€α€€ိဳးα€…ားα€™ႈα€”ဲα‚” ေျα€–ာင့္α€™ွα€”္α€™ႈေၾကာင့္ျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။

(၁၇)α€₯ီးေျα€™ာα€€္ ထေα€™α€›ိα€€α€”္α€žα€™αΌα€ Andrew Johnson α€Ÿာ α€„α€š္α€…α€₯္α€α€Š္းα€€ ထဝတ္ခ်ဳပ္ဆိုင္α€™ွာ α€‘α€œုပ္α€œုပ္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€žူα€Ÿာ ေα€€်ာင္းα€œဲေα€€ာင္းေα€€ာင္း တက္ခဲ့α€–ူးα€žူα€™α€Ÿုတ္α€˜ူး။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ α€žα€…္α€žားထိα€™္ေα€œးထဲα€™ွာေနၿပီး α€…ာα€™α€žα€„္ခဲ့α€–ူးတဲ့၊ α€˜ာထေျခထျα€™α€…္α€™ွ α€™α€›ွိα€žူတစ္α€₯ီးα€€ ထေα€™α€›ိα€€α€”္ ျα€•α€Š္တြင္းα€…α€…္ထေတာထတြင္းα€™ွာ α€žα€™αΌα€ျα€–α€…္α€œာခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€žူα€›ဲα‚•ျα€•α€Š့္α€…ံုတဲ့ ထေα€œ့ထက်င့္၊ ထေတြ႔ထႀကံဳေၾကာင့္ တစ္ေα€œာα€€α€œံုးα€€ို ေထာင္ႏိုင္ခဲ့α€žူျα€–α€…္ၿပီး ေα€€်းα€€ြၽန္ေပါင္း α„α€žα€”္းα€€ို α€œြတ္ၿငိα€™္းခြင့္ေပးခဲ့α€žူျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။

တစ္ခါα€€ ဆင္းα€›ဲα€žားα€™ိα€žားα€…ုα€€ ေပါα€€္α€–ြားα€œာတဲ့ α€œူα€„α€š္တစ္α€₯ီးα€›ွိခဲ့α€α€š္။ ဖခင္ေα€žα€†ံုးခ်ိα€”္ ထေခါင္းα€α€š္α€…α€›ာ ပိုα€€္ဆံα€™α€›ွိခဲ့α€œိုα‚” ထိα€™္α€”ီးခ်င္းေတြα€€ α€α€š္ေပးခဲ့α€›α€α€š္။ ဖခင္ေα€žα€†ံုးၿပီးေα€”ာα€€္ α€™ိခင္α€€ ထီးα€…α€€္α€›ံုα€™ွာ တစ္ေα€”α‚”(၁ဝ)α€”ာα€›ီ α€‘α€œုပ္ဝင္α€œုပ္ခဲ့ၿပီး α€‘α€œုပ္ဆင္း ထိα€™္ျပန္ခ်ိα€”္α€™ွာေတာင္ α€œုပ္α€…α€›ာα€‘α€œုပ္ေတြ α€šူα€œာတတ္ခဲ့ေα€žးα€α€š္။

α€’ီα€œိုထေျခထေα€”α€™ွာ α‚€α€€ီးျပင္းခဲ့တဲ့α€žူα€Ÿာ တစ္ခါα€€ α€˜ုα€›ားေα€€်ာင္းα€™ွာα€€်င္းပတဲ့ ေα€Ÿာေျပာပဲြα€€ို တက္ေα€›ာα€€္α€”ားေထာင္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ ေα€Ÿာေျပာပဲြα€€ α€…ိတ္ဝင္α€…ားα€…α€›ာေα€€ာင္းတဲ့ထတြα€€္ ေα€Ÿာေျပာဆရာα€œုပ္α€–ိုα‚” α€žူဆံုးျဖတ္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ တစ္ခါα€žာα‚€α€€ံဳခဲ့တဲ့ ထေတြ႔ထႀကံဳα€€ ေα€”ာα€€္တစ္ခ်ိα€”္α€™ွာ ေထာင္ျမင္α€–ိုα‚” α€žူ႔ထတြα€€္α€œα€™္းα€…ျα€–α€…္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€‘α€žα€€္ (၃ဝ) α€™ွာ α€”α€šူးေα€šာα€€္α€œႊတ္ေတာ္ထမတ္ထျα€–α€…္ α€žူဝင္ေα€›ြးခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ ထဲα€’ီထခ်ိα€”္α€™ွာ α€œႊတ္ေတာ္ထမတ္တစ္α€₯ီးα€›ဲα‚• တာဝန္α€”ဲ႔ဝတၱα€›ားေတြထတြα€€္ α€žူျပင္ဆင္ခ်ိα€”္မရခဲ့α€˜ူး။

α€•α€Šာထဆင့္ထတန္း α€”ိα€™့္ပါးခဲ့α€œိုα‚” α€‘α€œုပ္α€™ွာ ထခက္ခဲေပါင္းα€…ံု α€žူα‚€α€€ံဳခဲ့α€›α€α€š္။ α€‘α€œုပ္α€”ဲ႔ပတ္α€žα€€္တဲ့ α€…ာα€›ြα€€္၊ ထမႈထခင္းေတြα€€ို α€žူမဖတ္ႏိုင္ခဲ့α€˜ူး။ တစ္ခ်ဳိα‚•α€…ာα€œံုးေတြα€€ို α€žူα€”ားα€™α€œα€Š္ခဲ့α€˜ူး။ ထဲα€’ီထတြα€€္ α€žူေα€”ာင္တရ α€…ိတ္α€Šα€…္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€‘α€œုပ္ကထြα€€္α€–ို႔ထထိ α€žူα€…α€₯္းα€…ားခဲ့ေα€•α€™α€š့္ α€™ိခင္ေၾကာင့္ α€žူα€‘α€œုပ္မထြα€€္ျα€–α€…္ခဲ့α€˜ူး။ ထခက္ထခဲေၾကာင့္ ေα€”ာα€€္မတြα€”္α‚”α€–ိုα‚”၊ α€”ိα€™့္ပါးတဲ့ α€—α€Ÿုα€žုတေတြထတြα€€္ α€…ိတ္α€™ေα€€ာင္းα€™ျα€–α€…္α€–ိုα‚” တစ္ေα€”α‚”α€€ို α€…ာ(၁၆)α€”ာα€›ီဖတ္ၿပီး α€žူα‚”α€€ိုα€š္α€žူ ႏွα€…္α€žိα€™့္α€žα€„္ၾကားခဲ့α€α€š္။

ေα€€်ာင္းα€•α€Šာ ေα€€ာင္းေα€€ာင္းα€™α€žα€„္ၾကားခဲ့ရတဲ့ α€„α€š္α€˜α€α€€ို α€žူေα€™့ပစ္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ (၁ဝ)ႏွα€…္α€œြα€”္ေျα€™ာα€€္ၿပီးေα€”ာα€€္ Smithα€Ÿာ α€”α€šူးေα€šာα€€္α€›ဲα‚• ႏိုင္ငံေα€›းα€”α€š္α€•α€š္α€™ွာ αΎα€žα€‡ာထာဏာα€›ွိα€žူျα€–α€…္α€œာခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€”ာα€™α€Š္ေα€€ာင္း ဆုတံဆိပ္ေတြ မၾကာခဏရရွိα€žူျα€–α€…္ခဲ့ၿပီး (၄)α‚€α€€ိα€™္ဆက္တိုα€€္ α€”α€šူးေα€šာα€€္စတိတ္ ထုပ္ခ်ဳပ္α€žူထျα€–α€…္ ေα€›ြးခ်α€š္ခံခဲ့α€›α€α€š္။ Oxford တကၠα€žိုα€œ္၊ Colombia တကၠα€žိုα€œ္စတဲ့ တကၠα€žိုα€œ္ေပါင္း ေျခာα€€္ခုα€€ α€˜ဲြ႔တံဆိပ္ေတြα€€ို α€›α€›ွိခဲ့α€α€š္။ ေထာα€€္ေျခႏိုင္ငံေα€›းα€žα€™ားα€˜α€α€€ေα€” တစ္ႏိုင္ငံα€œံုး ေα€œးα€…ားထားထားတဲ့ ႏိုင္ငံေα€›းα€žα€™ားျα€–α€…္ေထာင္ α€žူα‚€α€€ိဳးα€…ားခဲ့α€α€š္။

α€”α€šူးေα€šာα€€္α€€ ျα€•α€Š္α€žူα€œူထု ထႀကိဳα€€္ႏွα€…္α€žα€€္ဆံုးα€žူထျα€–α€…္ α€”α€šူးေα€šာα€€္တိုင္းα€™္α€™ွာ ေα€–ာ္ျပခံခဲ့α€›α€žူα€€ Adam Smith ပဲျα€–α€…္ပါα€α€š္။

ႏွα€…္α‚€α€€ိα€™္ဆက္တိုα€€္ ထေα€™α€›ိα€€α€”္α€žα€™αΌα€α€‘ျα€–α€…္ ထေα€›ြးခံခဲ့ရတဲ့ Stephen Grover Cleveland α€›ဲα‚• α€„α€š္α€˜α€α€€ α€žာα€™α€”္ ထေα€›ာင္းဆိုင္ဝန္ထမ္းျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။ α€žူ႔ဝင္ေငြα€€ တစ္ႏွα€…္α€™ွာ (၁ဝ)ေα€’αšα€œာဝန္းα€€်င္α€žာ α€›ွိခဲ့α€α€š္။ ေα€”ာα€€္ပိုင္း α€žူα‚”ေထာင္ျမင္α€™ႈα€€ို ခဲြျခမ္းα€…ိတ္ျα€–ာα€›ာα€™ွာ Cleveland α€€ "ဆင္းα€›ဲျခင္းα€€ျα€–α€…္α€œာတဲ့ ထာα€žီα€žေတြα€Ÿာ α€α€€α€š့္α€€ိုထင္ထားα€›ွိခဲ့α€α€š္" α€œိုα‚” ေျပာခဲ့α€α€š္။

ထထက္α€€ေျပာခဲ့တဲ့α€œူေတြα€›ဲα‚• α€˜α€α€‘α€…α€€ ဆင္းα€›ဲျခင္းα€”ဲ႔ပဲ စခဲ့αΎα€€α€α€š္။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ α€€ံတရားα€€ို α€žူတို႔ထျပစ္မတင္ခဲ့α€˜ူး။ α€˜α€α€€ို မၿငီးျငဴခဲ့α€˜ူး။ ဆင္းα€›ဲα€’ုကၑရဲα‚• ထိုးႏွα€€္ခ်α€€္α€€ ေα€›ွ႕ဆက္တိုးα€™α€š့္α€žူတို႔ထတြα€€္ ခြα€”္ထားေတြျα€–α€…္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ ေα€”ာα€€္ဆံုး α€œα€€္α€—α€œာα€”ဲα‚” စခဲ့တဲ့α€˜α€α€€ေα€” ေထာင္ျမင္α€™ႈα€‘α€œံα€€ို ပိုင္ပိုင္ႏိုင္ႏိုင္ α€žူတိုα‚” ဆုပ္α€€ိုင္ထားႏိုင္ခဲ့α€α€š္။

α‚€α€€ီးျမတ္တဲ့ α€žူα€›ဲေα€€ာင္းေတြ၊ ေထာင္ျမင္α€žူေတြα€›ဲα‚• α€˜α€α€‘α€™်ားα€…ုα€€ ဆင္းα€›ဲα€žားα€˜α€α€€ စခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€€ံတရားα€›ဲα‚• ထိုးႏွα€€္ခ်α€€္ေထာα€€္α€™ွာ α‚€α€€ံ့α‚€α€€ံ့ခံၿပီး ခြα€”္ထားေတြα€€ို α€žူတိုα‚”α€…ုခဲ့α€α€š္။

စပိα€”္α€…ာေα€›းဆရာ Miguel de Cervantes ေထာင္ထဲα€™ွာ ေα€›းခဲ့တဲ့ Don Quijote de la Mancha α€…ာထုပ္α€€ α€”ာα€™α€Š္ေα€€်ာ္α€…ာထုပ္ျα€–α€…္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ ထဲα€’ီတုα€”္းα€€ ဆင္းα€›ဲα€œြα€”္းα€œိုα‚” α€…ာေα€›းα€–ိုα‚”α€…α€€ၠဴေတာင္ α€™α€α€š္ႏိုင္ခဲ့α€˜ဲ α€žားေရခ်ပ္ေα€œးေα€•αšα€™ွာ α€žူေα€›းခဲ့တာျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။ α€œူတစ္ခ်ဳိα‚•α€€ α€žူေα€Œးတစ္α€₯ီးα€€ိုα€›ွာၿပီး α€žူα‚”α€€ိုα€€ူα€Šီα€–ိုα‚” ထကူα€‘α€Šီေတာင္းခဲ့ေα€•α€™α€š့္ α€žူေα€Œးα€€ "α€’ီα€œိုα€œူα€€ို α€€ူα€Šီα€–ိုα‚” α€˜ုα€›ားα€žα€α€„္α€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ့္α€€ိုခြင့္α€™ျပဳခဲ့α€˜ူး။ α€žူဆင္းα€›ဲေα€”α€™ွ α€’ီေα€œာα€€α‚€α€€ီး ၾကြα€š္ဝမွာျα€–α€…္α€α€š္" α€œိုα‚” ေျပာခဲ့α€α€š္။

ဆင္းα€›ဲα€žားα€™ိα€žားα€…ု α€’ါα€™ွα€™α€Ÿုတ္ ခ်α€™္းα€žာတဲ့α€™ိα€žားα€…ုα€€ ေပါα€€္α€–ြားα€œာα€žူ α€œူα€„α€š္တစ္ေα€šာα€€္α€™ွာ ခိုင္ၿမဲတဲ့ α€›α€Š္α€›ြα€š္ခ်α€€္ပန္းတိုင္ တစ္ခုα€›ွိα€™α€š္ဆိုရင္ α€˜α€š္α€œိုထခက္ထခဲ၊ α€˜α€š္α€œိုα€œူပုဂၢိဳα€œ္α€€α€™ွ ေα€›ွ႕ဆက္α€™α€š့္ α€žူα‚”ေျα€α€œွα€™္းα€€ို မတားႏိုင္ခဲ့ပါα€˜ူး။

ဆင္းα€›ဲα€’ုကၑက ေပ်ာ့α€Šံ့α€žူα€›ဲα‚•α€œα€™္းα€€ိုα€žာ ပိတ္ဆိုα‚”ႏိုင္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€™ိα€™ိα€€ိုα€š္α€€ိုα€š္α€šံုαΎα€€α€Š္α€žူ၊ α€žα€ၱိα€›ွိα€žူ၊ ဇဲြα€›ွိα€žူေတြထတြα€€္ ဆင္းα€›ဲα€’ုကၑက α€žူတိုα‚”α€›ဲ႕ထစြα€™္းထစကို ပိုေတာα€€္ေျပာင္ေα€…α€α€š္၊ α€˜α€α€™ီးထိα€™္α€€ုိ ထြα€”္းα€Šႇိေပးα€α€š္၊ ေα€›ွ႕တိုးα€™α€š့္ ဆံုးျဖတ္ခ်α€€္α€”ဲα‚” ဇဲြα€œံုα‚”α€œα€€ို ေα€™ာင္းေပးတဲ့ ႏွင္တံျα€–α€…္ခဲ့α€α€š္။

Orison Swett Marden α€€ "ဆင္းα€›ဲα€’ုကၑက ထားα€€α€…ားေα€œ့α€€်င့္ခန္းα€€ α€€ိα€›ိα€šာေတြα€”ဲ႔တူα€α€š္။ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္တိုα‚”α€€ို α€žα€”္α€™ာေထာင္ ေα€œ့α€€်င့္ေပးα€α€š္။ α€’ါေၾကာင့္ဆင္းα€›ဲျခင္းα€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္တိုα‚” တာထြα€€္ေα€€ာင္းေထာင္ α‚€α€€ိဳးα€…ားေα€œ့α€€်င့္ေပးတဲ့ ထေα€€ာင္းဆံုးα€€ိα€›ိα€šာျα€–α€…္α€α€š္" α€œိုα‚” ေျပာခဲ့α€α€š္။

"ထခက္ထခဲၾကားα€€ α€œြတ္ေထာင္ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္တိုα‚” α‚€α€€ိဳးα€…ားα€›ုα€”္းα€€α€”္တာα€€ ဆင္းα€›ဲျခင္းα€›ဲα‚•α€œြတ္α€œα€™္းျα€–α€…္α€žα€œို ေထာင္ျမင္α€žူျα€–α€…္α€–ိုα‚” ထေျခခံα€”α€Š္းတစ္ခုျα€–α€…္α€α€š္"

"α€α€€α€š္α€žα€ိၱα€›ွိα€žူα€€ ပတ္ဝန္းα€€်င္α€›ဲα‚• ထိုးႏွα€€္α€™ႈခံα€›ေα€œ α‚€α€€ိဳးα€…ားα€›ုα€”္းα€€α€”္ေα€œျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။ ထခက္ထခဲα€€ို ရင္ဆိုင္ႏိုင္α€žူ၊ ထတားထဆီးα€€ို ေα€œွာင္α€›α€š္ႏိုင္α€žူျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။ ဆင္းα€›ဲα€’ုကၑရဲα‚• ထိုးႏွα€€္တာခံα€›ေα€œ α€žူα‚”α€…ိတ္ဆႏၡ၊ α€‘α€›α€Š္ထခ်င္း၊ ထင္ထားα€”ဲα‚” ဆံုးျဖတ္ခ်α€€္ေတြ ခိုင္α€™ာေα€œျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။ α€’ီα€œိုα€œူα€™်ဳိးထတြα€€္ ေα€›ွ႕ဆက္α€™α€š့္ α€žူα‚”ေျα€α€œွα€™္းα€€ို α€˜α€š္α€œိုα€€ံၾကမၼာ၊ α€˜α€š္α€œိုထခက္ထခဲα€€α€™ွ တားဆီးထားႏိုင္α€™ွာ α€™α€Ÿုတ္ပါα€˜ူး"

α€™ူရင္း... The secret of success inspiring ( D-Man ျပဳα€…ုတဲ့ α€α€š္ခဲ့တဲ့α€…ာထုပ္ထဲα€€ ျα€–α€…္ပါα€α€š္။ ခုတစ္ေα€œာ α€’ီα€…ာထုပ္α€€ိုပဲ ဖတ္ျα€–α€…္ေα€”α€α€š္)

ႏိုင္းႏိုင္းα€…ေα€” α€˜ာα€žာျပန္α€žα€Š္။

ထခက္ထခဲေတြα€€ α€€ိုα€š့္α€€ိုပိုα€žα€”္α€™ာα‚€α€€ံ့ခိုင္ေထာင္.......

တစ္ခါα€€ α€α€š္α€œီα€–ုα€”္းထင္တာα€—်ဴးα€™ွာ α€žα€α€„္းေထာα€€္တစ္α€₯ီးα€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€€ို α€’ီα€œိုေα€™းခြα€”္းတစ္ခု ေα€™းခဲ့α€α€š္။

"ဂ်α€€္α€œီ... ခင္α€—်ား ေတာα€€္ေα€œွ်ာα€€္ ထဆင္ေျပေထာင္ျမင္α€œာတဲ့ႏွα€…္ေတြ α€™α€”α€Š္းေတာ့α€˜ူး။ α€’ီα€œိုထင္ထားေတြα€›ွိေထာင္ ခင္α€—်ားα€˜α€š္α€œို α€…ြα€™္းေဆာင္ခဲ့α€žα€œဲ?"

αΎα€€α€Š့္ရတာ α€’ီα€žα€α€„္းေထာα€€္α€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€€ိုα€™α€—်ဴးခင္ ေα€žα€်ာေα€œ့α€œာျပင္ဆင္ထားပံုα€™α€›α€˜ူး။ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€€ ေတာα€€္ေα€œွ်ာα€€္ထဆင္ေျα€•α€œာတာ α€™α€Ÿုတ္α€˜ူး။ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€žူα€„α€š္ခ်င္းေတြα€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€€ို "ထခါတစ္α€›ာေα€žαΏα€•ီး ျပန္α€›ွင္တဲ့α€œူ" α€œိုα‚”ေတာင္ တင္α€…ားαΎα€€α€α€š္။

α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€„α€š္α€„α€š္ေα€œးα€€α€α€Š္းα€€ ထေဖဆံုးα€žြားခဲ့α€α€š္။
ထိα€™္α€€α€…ီးပြါးေα€›းေတာ္ေတာ္ ထဆင္α€™ေျပခဲ့α€œိုα‚” α€žိုင္းα€žα€„္တန္းေα€€်ာင္းထဲ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ဝင္ေα€›ာα€€္ခဲ့α€›α€α€š္။ ထဲα€’ီကရတဲ့ ေထာα€€္ပံ့ေၾကးα€‘α€”α€Š္းα€„α€š္α€”ဲα‚” ထိα€™္α€€ို ျပန္ေထာα€€္ပံ့ခဲ့α€›α€α€š္။ (၁၁)ႏွα€…္ထရြα€š္ကစၿပီး တစ္ႏိုင္ငံα€œံုးα€›ဲα‚•α€žိုင္းၿပိဳင္ပဲြα€™ွာ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္(၅)ႏွα€…္ဆက္တိုα€€္ ပထမဆုရခဲ့α€α€š္။ (၁၈)ႏွα€…္α€™ွာ "ေα€›ွာင္α€œα€„္"α€€ားα€”ဲα‚” α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€”ာα€™α€Š္α€…α€›α€œာခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ ေα€”ာα€€္တစ္ႏွα€…္α€™ွာ ျမင္းေα€•αšα€€ျပဳတ္α€€်α€œိုα‚” α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ေပါင္α€€်ဳိးၿပီး α€’ုကၑိတျα€–α€…္α€œုα€œုျα€–α€…္ခဲ့α€›α€α€š္။ ထခ်ိα€”္α€šူၿပီးေα€…ာင့္ေနတဲ့ "Once Upon a Time" ဆိုတဲ့ဇာတ္α€€ား ေα€›ာင္းခ်ခါα€”ီးα€™ွာ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€›ဲ႕ထုတ္ေα€α€žူ α€‘α€žα€္ခံα€›ျပန္α€α€š္။ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ့္α€˜α€α€‘α€›ာα€›ာα€€ α€žုα€Šျပန္ေα€›ာα€€္α€žြားခဲ့α€α€š္။"

"(၂ဝဝ၄)ခုႏွα€…္ ဆူα€”ာα€™ီတုα€”္းα€€ α€‘α€žα€€္ေα€˜းα€€ေα€” α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€žီα€žီေα€œးα€œြတ္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€œိႈင္းα€œံုးα‚€α€€ီးေတြ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ေα€›ွα‚•α€™ွာ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ့္α€€ိုဝါးၿမိဳမတတ္ပါပဲ။ ထဲα€’ီα€œိုα‚€α€€ံဳရတဲ့ ခံα€…ားခ်α€€္α€”ဲα‚” ေၾကာα€€္α€›ြံα‚”α€™ႈα€™်ဳိး α€œူα€˜α€š္ႏွေα€šာα€€္α€™်ား ခံα€…ားα€–ူးα€™α€œဲ?"

"α€’ီα€œိုေα€™းခြα€”္းα€™်ဳိးေα€™းတဲ့ α€žα€α€„္းေထာα€€္α€€ို α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€”ားα€œα€Š္ပါα€α€š္။ α€žူα€€ α€›ုပ္α€›ွင္ထဲα€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ့္α€€ိုပဲ α€žိခဲ့ပံုα€›α€α€š္။ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€€ α€›ုပ္α€›ွင္ေတြထဲα€€α€œို α€žα€”္α€™ာα‚€α€€ံ့ခိုင္တဲ့ေα€šာα€€္်ားα€œိုα‚” ထင္ခဲ့ပံုα€›α€α€š္။ တစ္α€€ိုα€š္α€œံုး ၾကြα€€္α€žားေတြထျα€•α€Š့္α€”ဲα‚” ထင္ထားထြားα‚€α€€ိဳင္းα€α€š္α€œိုα‚”α€œα€Š္း ထင္ခဲ့α€α€š္ထင္ပါα€α€š္။ α€α€€α€š္ေတာ့ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€œα€Š္း α€žူα€œိုα€€ိုα€š္α€œို ေα€žြးα€žားα€”ဲα‚”α€α€Š္ေဆာα€€္ထားတဲ့ α€žာα€™α€”္α€œူတစ္ေα€šာα€€္ပါပဲ။ ၿပီးေတာ့ တစ္ျခားα€œူေတြထက္ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ပိုေပ်ာ့α€Šံ့ေα€žးα€α€š္။ တစ္ေα€œာα€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€˜ုα€”္းα‚€α€€ီးဝတ္ေတာထြα€€္α€–ိုα‚” α‚€α€€ိဳးα€…ားခဲ့ေα€žးα€α€š္"

"α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ ေα€›ွာင္α€œα€„္α€˜ုα€”္းα‚€α€€ီးေα€€်ာင္း ဆရာေတာ္ေတြα€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€€ို α€’ီα€œိုα€œုပ္ခြင့္α€™ေပးα€˜ူး။ α€˜ုα€”္းα‚€α€€ီးဝတ္ ေတာထြα€€္တိုင္း ျပႆα€”ာေတြα€€ို ေျα€–α€›ွင္းα€œိုα‚”α€™α€›ႏိုင္α€˜ူး။ ေα€”ာα€€္ေတာ့ α€’ီထက္တိုးတက္ေထာင္ျမင္α€–ိုα‚” ေα€Ÿာ္α€œိဝွα€’္α€€ို α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ေα€›ာα€€္α€œာခဲ့α€α€š္။ ဆရာေတာ္α€€α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€€ို α€…α€€ားတစ္ခြα€”္း α€œα€€္ေဆာင္ပါးα€œိုα€€္α€α€š္။ ထဲα€’ီα€…α€€ားα€€ "ထခက္ထခဲ၊ ျပႆα€”ာေတြα€€ α€™ိα€™ိခြα€”္ထားα€€ို ပိုα‚€α€€ီးα€™ားα€žα€”္α€™ာေထာင္ α€€ူα€Šီေပးေနပါα€α€š္" တဲ့"
"ထဲα€’ီα€…α€€ားα€€ α€˜ာဆုေပးတဲ့α€…α€€ားα€”ဲα‚”α€™ွ မတူခဲ့α€˜ူး။ ေα€Ÿာ္α€œိဝွα€’္ေα€›ာα€€္ၿပီး α€˜ာတစ္ခုα€™ွ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ထဆင္α€™ေျပခဲ့α€˜ူး။ ထိုင္ဝမ္α€žူေα€Œးα€€ ေငြေၾကးေတြα€€ုα€”္α€€်ခံၿပီး α€€ြၽန္ေတာ့္α€€ို ေၾကာ္α€Šာေပးခဲ့α€α€š္။ ထခြင့္ထေα€›းေတြ ေပးခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ α€™ာα€”္တက္ေနတဲ့ေα€Ÿာ္α€œိဝွα€’္α€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ့္α€œို ထရပ္(၁၇ဝ)စင္တီα€™ီတာေတာင္α€™α€›ွိတဲ့ α€œူα€™်ဳိးျခားα€€ို α€œα€€္မခံခဲ့α€˜ူး။ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€žα€Š္းခံခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€’ါα€›ိုα€€္တာတစ္α€₯ီးα€€ ဇာတ္α€Šႊα€”္းα€…ာထုပ္α€€ို α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€™်α€€္ႏွာα€α€Š့္α€α€Š့္ ပစ္α€‘α€Š့္ၿပီး "မင္းα€€ ထဂၤα€œိပ္α€…ာမတတ္α€œိုα‚” ဇာတ္α€Šြα€”္းα€™αΎα€€α€Š့္တာα€œား"α€œိုα‚” ေထးα€…α€€္α€…α€€္ေျပာတဲ့ထထိ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ေα€…ာင့္ဆိုင္းခဲ့α€α€š္။"

"ထဲα€’ီα€Šα€™ွာ ဆရာေတာ္ဆီ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€–ုα€”္းဆက္ခဲ့α€α€š္။ ဆရာေတာ္α€€ α€α€Š္ၿငိα€™္တဲ့α€‘α€žံα€”ဲα‚” "α€’ီႏွα€…္ေတြ တကာေတာ္ေတာ္ ပင္ပန္းခဲ့ရၿပီဆိုတာ α€žိα€α€š္။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ တကာ ေα€žα€်ာα€…α€₯္းα€…ားαΎα€€α€Š့္။ ထခုα€œα€€္α€›ွိα€™ွာ တကာ ပိုα€žα€”္α€™ာα‚€α€€ံ့ခိုင္တာα€œား? α€’ါα€™ွα€™α€Ÿုတ္ ထရင္α€€ ပိုα€žα€”္α€™ာα‚€α€€ံ့ခိုင္တာα€œား?" ဆရာေတာ္ထေα€™းေၾကာင့္ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ခဏေတြေα€α€žြားα€α€š္။ α€’ီႏွα€…္ေတြα€™ွာ α‚€α€€ံဳရတဲ့ထခက္ထခဲေတြα€€ α€Ÿိုးထရင္α‚€α€€ံဳခဲ့ရတဲ့ ထခက္ထခဲေတြα€”ဲα‚”α€…ာရင္ α€˜ာα€™ွα€™ႏိႈင္းα€žာခဲ့α€˜ူး။ ထရင္α‚€α€€ံဳခဲ့ရတဲ့ ထခက္ထခဲေတြα€€ α€€ိုα€š့္α€€ိုထြα€€္ေျပးα€–ိုα‚” α€œြတ္α€œα€™္းေတာင္ α€™ေပးခဲ့α€˜ူး။ ခုေတာ့ α€α€€α€š္ပဲ ထခက္ထခဲေတြα€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ့္α€€ို α€žα€”္α€™ာေစခဲ့ၿပီ။ ခႏၢာα€€ိုα€š္ α€™α€žα€”္α€™ာေα€žးα€žα€Š့္တိုင္ ခံႏိုင္α€›α€Š္α€…ြα€™္းα€€ိုေတာ့ α€žα€”္α€™ာα€žα€‘α€€္ α€žα€”္α€™ာေထာင္ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€œုပ္ႏိုင္ခဲ့ပါၿပီ"

ထဲα€’ီα€€α€… ထခက္ထခဲ၊ ျပႆα€”ာေတြα€€ို α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ေၾကာα€€္α€™ေα€”ေတာ့α€˜ူး။ α€˜ာပဲျα€–α€…္ျα€–α€…္ "α€œာα€…α€™္းပါ (welcome)"ဆိုတဲ့ α€…ိတ္ဓာတ္α€™်ဳိးα€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ေα€™ြးခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€žူα€„α€š္ခ်င္းα€™ိတ္ေဆြေတြα€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€€ို α€›ူးα€žြပ္α€žူα€œို႔ဆိုα€α€š္။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ α€’ါα€Ÿာ ထခက္ထခဲေတြၾကားα€™ွာ ေα€œ့α€€်င့္α€žα€„္α€šူေα€”α€α€š္ဆိုတာ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€žိα€α€š္။

"Hero" ဇာတ္α€€ားα€€ိုα€›ိုα€€္တုα€”္းα€€ မင္းα€žα€™ီး "Zhang Ziyi" α€€ ထေဝဖန္ခံရဆံုးျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။ α€œူတခ်ဳိα‚•α€›ဲα‚• α€‘α€•α€š္α€€ို ခံခဲ့α€›α€žူျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။ α€žူα‚”α€€ိုαΎα€€α€Š့္ရင္း α€Ÿိုးတစ္ခ်ိα€”္α€€ α€€ိုα€š့္ထျα€–α€…္α€€ို α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ျပန္ျမင္ေα€šာင္ခဲ့α€™ိα€α€š္။ ထဲα€’ီတုα€”္းα€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္တဇြတ္ထိုးဆန္α€α€š္။ α€…ိတ္ထဲα€€ ခံα€…ားခ်α€€္α€€ို α€™်α€€္ႏွာေα€•αš တင္ျပတတ္α€α€š္။ α€’ါα€”ဲα‚” α€žူα‚”α€€ို α€€ြၽန္ေတာ့္α€›ဲ႕ထေတြ႔ထႀကံဳေတြ ေျပာျα€•α€α€š္။ ေα€”ာα€€္ေတာ့ တေျα€–းေျα€–း α€€ြၽန္ေတာ့္α€…α€€ားထဲα€€ေα€” α€žူေျပာင္းα€œဲခဲ့ၿပီး α€žα€”္α€™ာα‚€α€€ံ့ခိုင္တဲ့ မင္းα€žα€™ီးတစ္α€œα€€္ျα€–α€…္α€œာခဲ့α€α€š္။

α€’ီႏွα€…္ထေတာထတြင္းα€™ွာ α€žိုင္းα€•α€Šာα€”ဲ႔ပတ္α€žα€€္တဲ့ α€…ိတ္α€€ူးတစ္ခု α€€ြၽန္ေတာ့္α€™ွာα€›ွိα€α€š္။ ထဲα€’ီα€…ိတ္α€€ူးα€€ို ပရိα€žα€္ေတြα€”ဲα‚” α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€™ွ်ေဝခ်င္α€α€š္။ α€’ါေၾကာင့္ α€œူα€›ွာၿပီး α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ဇာတ္α€Šြα€”္းေα€›းေစခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€›ုပ္α€›ွင္ဇာတ္α€€ားα€€ို "Tibetan Monk in New York" α€œိုα‚” ေပးခဲ့α€α€š္။ ဇာတ္α€€ားα€”ာα€™α€Š္α€€ို ထုတ္ေα€α€žူေတာ္ေတာ္α€™်ားα€™်ားα€€ α€…ိတ္ဝင္α€…ားαΎα€€α€α€š္။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ ဇာတ္α€Šႊα€”္းαΎα€€α€Š့္ၿပီး α€žူတိုα‚” α€™α€›ိုα€€္α€›ဲαΎα€€α€˜ူး။ တိုα€€္ခိုα€€္ခန္းေတြ α€”α€Š္းα€œိုα‚” တြα€€္ေခ်α€€ိုα€€္α€™ွာα€™α€Ÿုတ္α€˜ူးα€œိုα‚” ေျပာαΎα€€α€α€š္။ ထုတ္ေα€α€žူα€™α€›ွိα€œိုα‚” α€Š α€Š α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ထိပ္α€™ေပ်ာ္ခဲ့α€˜ူး။ ေα€”ာα€€္ဆံုး မတတ္ႏိုင္တဲ့ထဆံုး α€€ိုα€š္တိုင္ေငြထုတ္ၿပီးα€›ိုα€€္α€–ိုα‚” ျပင္α€žα€…္α€€ α€’ါα€›ိုα€€္တာ Luc Bessonα€€ို α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€žြားα€›ွာခဲ့α€α€š္။ α€›ိုα€€္ၿပီးတဲ့ေα€”ာα€€္ ဇာတ္α€€ားα€€ို α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္αΎα€€α€Š့္α€α€š္။ ေα€›ွ႕ပိုင္း α€™ိα€”α€…္(၉ဝ)α€€ α€žα€•္ရပ္ေခ်ာေα€™ြα‚”ေα€”ေα€•α€™α€š့္ ေα€”ာα€€္ပိုင္းα€™ိα€”α€…္(၃ဝ)α€€ ထံုးα€…ံထတိုင္း တိုα€€္ခိုα€€္ခန္းေတြပဲျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။ ေα€”ာα€€္ပိုင္းα€€ို ျပန္ျပင္α€›ုိα€€္α€™α€š္α€œိုα‚” α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္ေျပာေတာ့ α€œူေတြα€€ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€€ိုα€›ူးၿပီα€œိုα‚” ေျပာαΎα€€α€α€š္။ ေα€”ာα€€္ပိုင္းα€€ိုျပင္ရင္ α€€ိုα€š့္α€€ိုα€š္α€€ို α€žα€္ေα€žα€ာα€”ဲα‚” ထတူတူပဲα€œိုα‚”ေျပာα€α€š္။ α€’ါα€›ိုα€€္တာ Luc Besson α€œα€Š္း α€€ြၽန္ေတာ့္α€€ို တထံ့α€αΎα€žေα€™းα€α€š္။ "ပရိα€žα€္ေတြα€€ို ခင္α€—်ားα€…ိတ္ဆိုးေစခ်င္တာα€œား?"တဲ့။ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€€ "တစ္ေခါα€€္ေα€œာα€€္ေတာ့ α€…α€™္းαΎα€€α€Š့္α€œိုα€€္α€™α€š္ေα€œ" α€œို႔ပဲ ေျဖခဲ့α€α€š္။

α€α€€α€š္တမ္းα€€်ေတာ့ α€›ံုမတင္ခင္α€€α€α€Š္းα€€ ထဲα€’ီဇာတ္α€€ားα€€ို α€›ုပ္α€›ွင္α€•α€Šာα€›ွင္တခ်ဳိα‚•α€”ဲα‚” α€žα€α€„္းα€žα€™ားတခ်ဳိα‚•α€€ α€žα€ိထားႏွင့္ၿပီးα€žားပါ။ ေα€”ာα€€္ေတာ့ "Fearless"ဇာတ္α€€ား ဆက္တိုα€€္ထြα€€္α€œာေတာ့α€™ွ α€œူေတြα€€ "ေထာ္.. α€α€€α€š္ေတာ့ ဂ်α€€္α€œီα€€ တိုα€€္ခိုα€€္တဲ့α€…α€€္α€›ုပ္ α€™α€Ÿုတ္α€˜ူး" ဆိုတာα€€ို တေျα€–းေျα€–း α€”ားα€œα€Š္α€œာαΎα€€α€α€š္။ တရုတ္α€žိုင္းα€•α€Šာထဲα€™ွာ တိုα€€္α€–ုိ႔ခိုα€€္α€–ို႔ထျပင္ α€”α€€္႐ႈိင္းေျပာင္ေျα€™ာα€€္တဲ့ ထႏုα€•α€Šာα€œα€Š္း α€›ွိေα€žးပါα€œားဆိုတာ α€œူေတြα€žိခဲ့αΎα€€α€α€š္။

α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€›ဲα‚• α€₯ီးα€α€Š္ခ်α€€္α€€ α€’ါပါပဲ။ ရင္ထဲα€€ ခံα€…ားခ်α€€္α€€ိုα€œα€Š္း ခ်ျပခ်င္α€α€š္၊ α€œα€€္α€™ွတ္α€œα€Š္း ထေα€›ာင္းျα€™ႇင့္α€›α€™α€š္ဆိုတဲ့α€€ိα€…α₯α€€ ေတာ္ေတာ္ေα€œး ခက္ခဲပါα€α€š္။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€žိα€α€š္။ ထခက္ထခဲဆိုတာ ထခ်ိα€”္တန္ရင္ၿပီးα€žြားတာပဲ။ ထဲα€’ီထခက္ထခဲα€€ို ျဖတ္ေα€€်ာ္α€–ူးတဲ့α€œူα€™ွ α€žူေα€œွ်ာα€€္α€›ာα€œα€™္းတစ္ေα€œွ်ာα€€္ ပိုα€žα€”္α€™ာထင္ထားα‚€α€€ီးၿပီး ထေα€€ာင္းα€€ိုပိုျမင္တတ္α€™α€š္ဆိုတာ α€€ြၽန္ေတာ္α€šံုαΎα€€α€Š္ပါα€α€š္။